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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
Q: What is PE (as in HDPE, MDPE, LDPE, LLDPE, etc.) and what are some of its
uses?
A: Polyethylene (PE) is a plastic material belonging to a group of polymers
called polyolefins.
It is usually first categorized by its density as indicated
in the abbreviations e.g. HDPE (high density PE), MDPE (medium density PE), LDPE
(low density PE) , LLDPE (linear low density PE). Depending on its specific
grade and properties, it is used in a wide range of plastic products from milk
bottles and plastic bags (lower end of properties and cost) to high performance
plastic pipes (high end of properties and cost).
Q: What is used to make PE or HDPE?
A: All polyethylenes are made from petroleum feedstocks also known as
hydrocarbons.
Both the feedstocks (and raw materials) and polyethylene is
composed of only hydrogen and carbon (hydrocarbon).
Q: What is a polymer?
A: A polymer by definition is poly (many) mer (parts). It is generally a very
simple molecule (mer) which is chemically combined (polymerized) many times
until it attains the final desired properties as a polymer.
Q: What is a stabilizer (thermal vs. ultraviolet stabilizer)?
A: Stabilizers are added to polymers to enhance their ability to resist natural,
environmental, mechanisms which tend to shorten their useful lives.
Antioxidants
retard oxidation ultraviolet stabilizers retard sunlight degradation, and
thermal stabilizers help buffer the degradation effects of high temperature
exposure.
Q: What is TiO2?
A: TiO2, titanium dioxide is essentially an inert white pigment which whitens
and opacifies plastics.
Q: What is carbon black?
A: Carbon black is a black pigment, which can also enhance mechanical properties
as well as act as an excellent UV stabilizer when properly compounded into a
plastic or rubber.
Q: Are PE pipe and fittings safe for use in homes? *Reference ASTM and NSF
performance and health standards.
A: Yes, PE is safe for use in the home.
As answered above it is a polymer composed of only carbon and hydrogen atoms.
PE is commonly used for food containers (milk bottles, plastic food bags, etc.) when the plastic has received approval to NSF International's standards health effects applications by a third party certifying agency.
Examples of such standards are NSF 14 and NSF 61.
Q: What is ASTM?
A: ASTM (American Society for Testing & Materials) is an independent,
not-for-profit standards writing organization. It promulgates standards in many
diverse technical disciplines.
ASTM is the forum for a majority of standards in the USA, especially those related to plastic materials and products testing.
ASTM writes standards and conducts educational training seminars
(Specifications, Test Methods and Guides. ASTM does not conduct testing,
listing, certifying, or enforcement of its standards.
Q: What is NSF?
A: NSF (NSF International) is an independent, private, not-for-profit, 3rd party
certification, testing, and standards writing organization. NSF is accredited by
ANSI, (the American National Standards Institute), RvA, (the Dutch Raad voor
Accreditatie), and SCC, (the Standards Council of Canada) for its testing,
standards writing, and certification programs. NSF writes consensus standards
for product, material, and system assessment.
NSF provides an array of testing services to many different industries. NSF provides the plumbing industry services for items such as pipes, fittings, valves, pumps, water heaters, sinks, showers, toilets, faucets, controllers, filters, materials, and ingredients.
NSF
does conduct testing, listing, certifying, and enforcement of its standards.
Q: What is PPI?
A: PPI (a.k.a. the Plastics Pipe Institute
www.plasticpipe.org ) is a trade organization whose
members include plastic manufacturing companies, plastic piping product
manufacturing companies, related equipment and chemical suppliers and educators
and consultants to the plastic pipe industry.
Q: What is ASTM D 3350?
A: This is an ASTM Standard which provides a cell classification method for
classifying plastics.
When classified under D 3350 the plastic material receives an alphanumeric designation, which identifies its mechanical and chemical properties.
It is a shorthand method for describing a plastic material.
Q: What is PPI TR3?
A: (Plastic Pipe Institute's Technical Report 3) PPI TR3 is a standard published
by PPI which describes, in depth the testing, calculations and theory by which
plastic materials are tested to determine their long term strength properties
primarily for pressure piping applications.
These long-term strength properties (up to 50 years or more) are published, by material, in PPI TR4, which lists this property as an HDB or hydrostatic design basis.
These HDBs are then used by
engineers in designing plastic piping products for excellent long term service.
GENERAL
Polyethylene (PE) is a thermoplastic material produced from the polymerization of ethylene.
PE pipe is available in many varieties of wall thicknesses.
PE pipe is available in many forms and colors such as
Single extrusion colored or black pipe.
SUSTAINABILITY (GREEN BUILDING)
A significant benefit of plastic pipe is its small environmental impact compared
to other materials.
USES/APPLICATIONS
PE pipe offers distinct advantages as a piping material:
Light weight
Flexibility
Chemical resistance
Overall toughness
Longevity
These benefits make it an deal piping material for a broad variety of
applications such as potable water service or distribution lines, natural gas
distribution, lawn sprinklers, sewers, waste disposal, and drainage lines. PE
materials are generally resistant to most ordinary chemicals.
Polyethylene can be used in low temperatures (0 F or colder) without risk of
brittle failure. Thus, a major application for certain PE piping formulations is
for low-temperature heat transfer applications such as radiant floor heating,
snow melting, ice rinks, geothermal ground source heat pump piping, and
compressed air distribution.
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PARA MAIORES INFORMAÇÕES LIGUE PARA (11) 3531.6199 - E-MAIL: HD@HD.IND.BR
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